Intriguingly, when treated C57BL/6 mice (susceptible) with recombinant murine (rm) IL-33 before infection, upregulated ST2 expression was observed, which then led to a reduction of bacterial load and polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration and decreased mRNA levels for proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, human macrophage inflammatory protein 2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) and Th-1 cytokines (interferon-γ and IL-12), together with upregulated mRNA levels for Th-2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10) in the cornea. Here, IL1RL1 is linked to infection.