Goujon and colleagues have previously shown that the N-MxB-MxA chimera accumulating in the perinuclear region efficiently restricted HIV infection, whereas the cytoplasmic N-MxA-MxB variant showed no anti-HIV activity (22), These findings demonstrated that there is a clear correlation between subcellular localization of MxB and its anti-HIV activity (22). This evidence concerns the gene MX1 and HIV infectious disease.