TGFB1 and inflammatory bowel disease: Mouse models of IBD have identified multiple anti‐inflammatory effects of vitamin D in the gut.(243, 244, 245) A study, using the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) IBD model with vitamin D treatment, showed increases in IL‐10, IL‐4, TGF‐β, and IL‐4 along with a decrease in Th1 cells.(149) Another common model of IBD is the use of IL‐10 KO mice.