Additionally, our research group demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome activation by mitochondrial DNA (mDNA) promotes IL-1β release by macrophages, contributing to the generation of pathogenic Th17/Th1 cells in the PLNs and to T1D susceptibility in STZ-induced T1D model (Figure 1, Table 1) (88). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and type 1 diabetes mellitus.