Compounds, including activators of PINK1/Parkin or Nrf2 (e.g., metformin, MitoQ, and CoQ10) and TFEB activator trehalose, have been confirmed to increase mitophagy in experimental DKD or AKI (Song et al., 2016b; Xiao et al., 2017; Sun et al., 2019; Zhu et al., 2020), providing substantial evidence in future clinical research. This evidence concerns the gene PRKN and diabetic kidney disease.