The PAMP recognition of the extracellular RNA by PRRs (such as TLR2, TLR3, and TLR9 receptors) stimulated and signaled to the host the presence of infection and trigger inflammatory cytokines and antivirus responses by activating a multitude of intracellular signaling pathways, including adaptor molecules, kinases, and transcription factors. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is infection.