Future studies could include engineering recombinant P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and/or S. pneumonia to express the 2W1S (or some other) epitope that will enable testing of the 2W1S-specific memory CD4 T cell response in CLP-treated mice given a secondary infection with a clinically-relevant pathogen after recovery from the initial septic event. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.