CD274 and lung carcinoma: Considering the association of the expression of PD-L1 with prognosis, several studies collected evidence on a potential negative prognostic value of PD-L1 overexpression in gastric, hepatocellular, esophageal, pancreatic, ovarian, and bladder cancer, whereas a positive value in breast cancer and merkel cell carcinoma and controversial results in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and melanoma (23).