Studies in global knockout mice implicate ASK1 in cardiac cell apoptosis in heart failure associated with high myocardial wall stresses (eg, myocardial infarction or pressure-overload).20 Knowledge of the role of cardiac ASK1 in models associated with more moderate myocardial wall stresses, such as hormone-induced hypertension, is limited. This evidence concerns the gene MAP3K5 and myocardial infarction.