Furthermore, we measured the circulatory and tumor associated levels of CCR5 and its ligands (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5) in serum (ELISA), primary tumors (qRT-PCR; IHC) and matched liver metastases (IHC) from CRC patients to assess potential morbidity-related changes. The gene discussed is CCR5; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.