Cai et al.33 suggested an effective control of epiphora with transcutaneous application of atropine gel, as atropine is an antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which might reduce the oversecretion of the transplanted submandibular gland for treating severe dry eye disease by modulating aquaporin-5 trafficking34. The gene discussed is AQP5; the disease is Epiphora.