Studies with these or similar suitable instruments (Loonen and van Praag, 2007) addressing the therapeutic effects of VMAT-2 inhibitors in patients with schizophrenia who have been exposed to antipsychotic drug treatment for at least three months (applying criteria of Schooler and Kane, 1982) and show symptoms of dyskinesia and/or dystonia are urgently needed. The gene discussed is SLC18A2; the disease is Dystonia.