In fact, it has been shown that infection by Mycoplasma penetrans, Mycoplasma fermentans, and Mycoplasma hominis induces BMP2 RNA expression, as well as secretion of mature BMP2 protein, in cells that usually do not express such protein, including BEAS-2B cells (immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells), A549 cells (lung adenocarcinoma cells), plus several other cell lines of different origins (mesenchymal, epithelial, and myeloid). Here, BMP2 is linked to infection.