ACVRL1 and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: Since haploinsufficiency underlies the pathogenic mechanism in HHT1 and HHT2, it can be speculated that the dysregulated expression of miRNA-370 and miRNA-10a may affect HHT development by modulating the expression levels of ENG or ALK1. However, there is an opposite effect in the expression levels of miRNA-370 (upregulated) versus miRNA-10a (downregulated), suggesting a contrary effect on the expression levels of ENG or ALK1. Moreover, the expression levels of miRNA-214, which is predicted to target ENG and ALK1, are not significantly affected in our HHT population study.