CCL2 and hypertensive disorder: This is supported by studies that show that hypertension-induced hemodynamic stress produces activation of NADPH oxidases, and these products (ROS) can lead to inflammation through NF-kB and activator protein 1 (AP-1) activation, stimulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), also known as CCL2, producing monocyte and macrophage infiltration [49,50].