MUC1 and infection: As shown in Figure 1, compared to uninfected cells, HMPV infection induced a significant fold-increase expression of MUC1 (8.3 ± 2), MUC2 (43.4 ± 13), MUC4 (54 ± 12), MUC5ac (23.3 ± 11.5) and MUC19 (77 ± 35), while no significant induction of MUC15, MUC16 and MUC20 was observed.