CALR and melanoma: Conversely, the initiation of keratinocytes and unpigmented melanoma apoptosis was associated with a disturbance of the functions of both the ER and mitochondria, which led to cell surface translocation of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as calreticulin (CRT), thus stimulating an apoptotic immune-mediated cell death [78,100,108,109,110].