Ophthalmological abnormalities are found in up to 48% of patients with microcephaly98,99, including chorioretinal lacunae in Aicardi syndrome, chorioretinopathy in KIF11-related microcephaly, microphthalmia and cataract in Warburg Micro syndrome and cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome, chorioretinitis after in utero CMV or toxoplasmosis infection, and a wide spectrum of abnormalities of the macula, retina and optic nerve after in utero Zika virus infection. Here, KIF11 is linked to Aicardi syndrome.