TNF and systemic inflammatory response syndrome: Various inflammatory cytokines are secreted, among which tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, and IL‐6 increase early,4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 promoting leukocyte recruitment and inflammation and potentially leading to development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15