TNF and Sepsis: 2016). The levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were downregulated in septic mice, which indicated that sesamin led to a decrease in sepsis-induced inflammation. In addition to having regulatory effects on inflammatory cytokine levels, sesamin was demonstrated to attenuate intestinal oxidative damage by decreasing the levels of DAO, MPO and MDA. MPO and DAO possess bactericidal functions in the mouse small intestine, while their associated product hydrogen peroxide can damage intestinal tissues and enhance inflammation (Hansberry et al. 2017; Koga et al. 2017).