TGFB1 and Stroke: At this late time point after stroke, TGFβ1 expression was found to be upregulated in the cortex (Lehrmann et al., 1995; Knuckey et al., 1996; Ata et al., 1999; Zhu et al., 2001; Doyle et al., 2010) as well as in the stroke-denervated hemicord (Kaiser et al., 2019).