A recent study highlighted the involvement of TGFβ1 signaling in neurogenesis and axonal regeneration in the peri-infarct cortex by viral knockdown of the co-receptor ALK5, leading to decreased levels of the growth associated protein GAP43 within the first two weeks after stroke, concomitant with a decrease in functional recovery (Zhang et al., 2019). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is stroke disorder.