MMP9 and breast cancer: Furthermore, arctigenin intervention suppressed protein expressions and mRNA level of GM-CSF, MMP-3, MMP-9 and TSLP in breast cancer cells (Figure 2C,D and Supplementary Figure S1B), suggesting that arctigenin decreases the secreted GM-CSF, MMP-3, MMP-9 and TSLP at the transcriptional level in breast cancer cells.