Clinical research, including the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy (START) trial [8], has further established that the “early” initiation of ART (e.g., when a patient’s CD4+ T cell count is still high) also provides protective benefits at the individual level, including lower risks of developing AIDS and non-AIDS-related conditions (e.g., cardiovascular disease, non-AIDS-related cancers) [9]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and AIDS.