Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway by using tetrathiomolybdate, a specific copper chelator, or by transfecting a dominant-negative IκBα vector reduced the secretion of VEGF, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 in vitro and SUM149 tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo [65,71]. Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.