Mean signal intensity of IL-6, IL-1RA, IL-1β, CXCL10 (IP-10) and CXCL3 showed at least a three-fold increase in IBMs exposed to NMO-IgG1 compared to control conditions (non-treated fresh IBMs or Control-IgG). The gene discussed is CXCL3; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.