Our results demonstrate for the first time that miR‐642a‐5p/eEF2 signaling plays a crucial role in the regulation of the permeability and cell viability of PMVECs with LPS treatment, suggesting miR‐642a‐5p/eEF2 may also be involved in LPS‐induced ALI/ARDS. The gene discussed is EEF2; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.