FGF1 causes ATP release from spinal astrocytes and opens gap junction channels after spinal cord injury, which may aggravate the inflammation in neurological disease and injury.486,487 Recently, Huang et al.488 engineered the FGF1 mutants (termed FGF1ΔHBS) with reduced ability to activate FGFR, and found that FGF1ΔHBS inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress in CKD via activating PI3K/AKT and GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathways, which inhibited the ASK1/JNK.489 The results suggest that FGF1 bears the responsibility of anti-inflammation, especially in certain chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, FGF1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.