ESR1 and cancer: In another randomized clinical trial, 34 healthy premenopausal women (aged between 19 and 54 years) fed isoflavones including genistein at 40 or 140 mg daily throughout one menstrual cycle showed hypermethylation of 5 key cancer-related genes (p16INK4a, RASSF1A, RARβ2, ER, and CCND2) [210].