In most cases, the direction of the association was in line with the direction of the fold change when comparing protein abundance between patients with PCa and BPH, with the exception of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (AKR1B1), carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA). This evidence concerns the gene CA2 and benign prostatic hyperplasia.