Notably, synergistic effects of KRAS/RAF/MEK/ERK inhibitors combined with autophagy inhibitors is not restricted to KRAS-driven PDAC models, but is also observed in NRAS-mutated melanoma, BRAF-mutated colorectal patient derived xenografts (PDXs) models [84] and BRAF-mutant thyroid cancers [85]. This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and thyroid cancer.