The injury from ischemia and reperfusion in mice with renal failure is even more intensified in the absence of cardiac APN, and significantly improved by the exogenous supplement of the human recombinant globular domain of APN (gAD), but not full-length APN, which constitutes the first evidence of the benefits of gAD administration in cardiovascular results after kidney failure.(32). Here, ANPEP is linked to acute kidney injury.