Very recently, THBS1 was demonstrated to promote the inflammatory response of mast cells in chronic idiopathic urticaria and the permeability of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells by regulating the TGF-β/SMAD pathway, the effects of which can be inhibited by miR-194 (Qu, Yang & Liu, 2020). Here, TGFB1 is linked to chronic idiopathic urticaria.