Treatments with LCN2 mAb within a clinically relevant time window significantly attenuated the induction of LCN2 mRNA and protein, pro-inflammatory mediators (iNOS, IL-6, CCL2, CCL9), infiltration of neutrophils, BBB leakage, and cerebral infarction, and improved functional outcomes after stroke. Here, NOS2 is linked to brain infarction.