We then analyzed the cytokine levels of patients: compared to other MPN patients, the 15 patients with GlcSph-reactive IgGs had increased levels of 10 cytokines: IL-8, IP-10, HGF, TGF-β1, TGF-β3, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), VEGF, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β (MIP-1β), IL-9 and eotaxin (Figure 6). Here, VEGFA is linked to myeloproliferative neoplasm.