Especially, with respect to blood management, use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents together with iron therapy should be considered in patients with CKD.[27,28] Erythropoietin (EPO), which is mainly secreted by the adult kidney, is an essential regulator of red blood cell production.[29] Therefore, in patients with CKD, iron therapy without EPO may not be effective. Here, EPO is linked to chronic kidney disease.