CTF1 and cardiac hypertrophy: Moreover, the level of cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a cardiac hypertrophy marker, was increased in the MF (1.3-fold), hypoxia (1.5-fold), and MF-MPs (2.2-fold) groups compared with the control group, while the expression level of this gene in the hypoxia group with MF-MPs was significantly higher than those in the MF and hypoxia groups (1.7- and 1.5-fold higher, respectively).