Renal Ang II (AT1) receptors are required for Ang II-evoked, hypertension-associated cardiac hypertrophy,30 but locally increased RAS signaling within the heart has also been proposed as a driver of ventricular hypertrophy, even in normotensive mice,31,32 though conflicting results have been found in multiple transgenic mouse models.33–36. This evidence concerns the gene AGT and cardiac hypertrophy.