Analysis of pre-treatment samples for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 revealed a relatively high abundance of CD8+T cells at the invasive margin in responders, and serial sampling during treatment showed an increased infiltration of CD8+T cells into tumor parenchyma [77]; while immune-desert phenotype is characterized by the absence of abundant T cells in the parenchyma or stroma of tumors and poor response to ICI-treatment [73]. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.