Hoopes et al. described 13 unrelated males with a Dent disease phenotype (LMWP, hypercalciuria and at least one among nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, renal insufficiency, hypophosphatemia or hematuria) without any CLCN5 gene mutations (Hoopes et al. 2004). This evidence concerns the gene CLCN5 and nephrolithiasis.