We observed significant associations between genetically-determined expression of PALMD in several tissues (brain anterior cingulate cortex, esophagus muscularis, tibial nerve and subcutaneous adipose tissue) and atrial fibrillation (z from 4.4 to 5.2, P < 1 × 10−5), with a strong probability of colocalization (PP4 from 61.4% to 97.0%) (Fig. 6 and Supplementary Fig. 4). The gene discussed is PALMD; the disease is atrial fibrillation.