APOE and Mental deterioration: In addition to increased risk for LOAD, female carriers of APOE ε4 exhibit more severe presentation of endophenotypes including more severe Aβ and tau pathology (Corder et al., 2004), worse cognitive decline (Beydoun et al., 2012; Lin et al., 2015) and worse atrophy (Fleisher et al., 2005; Sampedro et al., 2015) (Fig. 2).