The cells were injured by cytomix, a mixture of the most biologically active cytokines found in ALI pulmonary edema fluid (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ at 50 ng/mL), and simultaneously exposed to increasing doses (30 or 60 uL) of MVs using a transwell co-culture system [117]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.