AVP and heart failure: Zhong et al. [22] conducted a meta-analysis and reported that elevated copeptin level was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure (relative risk = 2.64, 95% CI: 2.09–3.32), and the performance for predicting mortality in patients with heart failure was acceptable (AUC: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.66–0.74).