PPARD and colonic neoplasm: For instance, it was shown that colon cancer cells with PPAR beta/delta knockout failed to stimulate EC vascularization in response to hypoxic stress, whereas wild-type cells exposed to hypoxia were able to induce angiogenesis [81, 82], suggesting that PPAR beta/delta is required for the promotion of angiogenesis in hypoxic stress-mediated TME.