CD274 and neoplasm: There is emerging evidence to support that several chemotherapeutic agents may function as a vaccine and provide antitumor immune response.45 These chemotherapeutic drugs increased the leakage of tumor antigens to antigen-presenting cells, thereby resulting in increased antitumor responses.45 Moreover, neither the PD-L1 nor MHC-I expression was affected by MMC treatment in normal cells, which suggest that MMC does not increase the toxicity of immunotherapy in normal cells.