CSF2 and infection: Analyzing 72-hour cultures, we saw a lower infection ratio in both the miltefosine plus GM-CSF group, 39 (36-40), and the miltefosine plus placebo group, 39 (35-42), compared to antimony-treated patients, 43 (42-46) (p = 0.007 and p = 0.02) (Figure 4(c)), as well as lower number of amastigotes internalized, 114 (90-133) and 124 (105-146) versus 160 (140-171) (p = 0.007andp = 0.016), respectively (Figure 4(f)).