By comparing the gene expression profile of ascites-derived tumor cells from treatment naive (CN) and recurrent (CR) ovarian cancer patients, Ahmed and colleagues found massively reduced MHC I molecule (HLA-C and -B) expression and IFN response-related gene expression, including IFIT2, TMEM173 and MX2 in CR patients, suggesting an immuno-compromised ascites TME in CR after chemotherapy. The gene discussed is HLA-C; the disease is neoplasm.