CTLA4 and ovarian carcinoma: Hodi et al. (2003) reported a trial investigating the activity of MDX-CTLA-4 (a CTLA-4 inhibitor, also called ipilimumab) in patients with metastatic ovarian cancer. One patient with ovarian carcinoma had a stable CA-125 level 1 month after antibody injection. Meanwhile, she experienced a reduction in ascites and pain. The other patient had a 43% decrease in CA-125 level in the initial 2 months. Subsequently, Hodi et al. (2008) treated ovarian cancer patients with ipilimumab.