The cytoprotective effects of DHM in a variety of pathologic conditions including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (Zeng et al., 2019), osteoarthritis (Wang et al., 2018), cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (Wei et al., 2019), and hypobaric hypoxia-induced memory impairment involve the modulation of SIRT3 expression and/or activity. The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is osteoarthritis.