Alike L. amazonensis, EVs from the malaria parasite were also very pro-inflammatory inducing several transcriptional factors (NF-kB and IRF3) and cytokines/chemochines via TLRs (Sampaio et al., 2017; Sisquella et al., 2017; Ofir-Birin et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and malaria.