BIRC5 and colorectal carcinoma: At the cellular level, CK2 has been proposed to promote survival of CRC and breast cancer cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through AKT phosphorylation (20, 21), which increases the expression of many β-catenin targets, including both the inhibitor of apoptosis survivin (22) and cyclooxygenase-2 (23).